The mining of coal underground has historically been recognised as a hazardous occupation.
It is a universally recognised principle of underground coal mine safety that there must be proper ventilation of the mine.
Indeed, no aspect of safety in underground coal mining is more fundamental than proper ventilation.
Failure of the ventilation system or failure of underground seals can lead to multiple fatalities and closure of a mine.
Download the technical paper to read about designing explosion rated ventilation seals for coal mines.